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| Registros recuperados: 1.540 | |
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| A. E. F Ryerson; Q. Zhang. |
| In farming operations, one of the fundamental issues facing a farmer is the cost of running the farm. If the equipment the farmer is using can be made more efficient, the cost of farming will be reduced. One way of making agricultural equipment more efficient is to develop automated or autonomous functions for the equipment. One of the fundamental tasks for autonomous equipment is to plan the path for the equipment to travel. This paper reports the research on the feasibility of creating an automated method of path planning for autonomous agricultural equipment. Genetic algorithms were chosen to plan the paths with a primary goal of creating an optimal path guiding the equipment to completely cover a field while avoiding all known obstacles. Two example... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/945 |
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| M. Z. Hossain. |
| It is evident that the inadequate frictional resistance and meager cohesion of conventional reinforcements in reinforced earth structures such as geogrids, geosynthetics and wire meshes are serious shortcomings that not only impose constraints in structural designs, but also affect the stability of reinforced earth structures. In this regard, the benefits of earth reinforcing materials in improving the interaction resistances are eminent. For the reinforcement to be effective, two conditions need to be satisfied i.e. it must possess enough strength to withstand tension failure and adhesion failure. This paper highlights some experimental results on the performance behavior of thin cementitious composite elements reinforced by wire meshes under shear tests... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1228 |
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| D. Yilma; Akdeniz University,; I. Akinci; M. I. Cagirgan. |
| The threshing section on combine harvester or thresher machine affects grain and stalk separation performance. In this study, effect of some threshing parameters such as drum speed, feed rate and concave open on closed capsules sesame straw sieve in developed threshing unit. Threshing drums used were a rasp bar with tooth type. Three threshing drum speeds of 500, 700 and 900 min-1 (6.5, 9.1, 11.7 m/s) were used to investigations. Three feed rate as 90, 180 and 270 kg/h and three concave open as 20, 35 and 50 mm were used in this study. Four sieves were used for separation of straw. Their mesh numbers are 7, 10, 14 and 18. Results show that the best performance for separation of sesame straw were gave at the maximum drum speeds, minimum feed rates and... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1236 |
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| T. Oksanen; A. Visala. |
| If the field plot shape is not rectangular and if it contains obstacles, the coverage path planning problem is hard to solve for a non-omnidirectional machine. Scientists have developed several algorithms to solve this coverage path planning problem, but all of them have pros and cons. If the machines were omnidirectional and turning times were decreased to insignificant, the problem would be quite easy to solve using known robotic path planning methods. Traditional agricultural machines, like tractors, tractor-trailer combinations, self-propelled harvesters and other man-driven machines are slow to turn at headlands. This is the most differentiating property of the problem formulation compared to traditional robotic coverage path planning, which has dealt... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/940 |
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| D. Chimchana,; Asian Institute of Technology; V. M. Salokhe; P. Soni. |
| During high moisture paddy threshing, the separation losses are generally large. However,while attempting to increase cropping intensity, it is often necessary to handle the moist paddy for threshing. Furthermore, in absence of adequate sunshine hours in wet season, crop can’t be dried to a desired moisture level before threshing. Keeping these requirements in mind, a co-axial split-rotor thresher was designed for threshing high moisture paddy. This paper describes design and testing of a stationary thresher with an unequal speed co-axial split-rotor for rice in Thailand. First rotor serves mainly the threshing operation, whereas, rotating at relatively higher speed, the second rotor does mainly the separation of rice grains from husk. Faster rotation of... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1246 |
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| Mehari Z. Tekeste; Randy L. Raper; Eric B. Schwab. |
| Site-specific detection of a soil hardpan is an important step in precision farming. Different methods have been developed including the ASABE standard soil cone penetrometer to detect presence of hardpan layers. Most of the newly developed methods use results obtained by a soil cone penetrometer as a reference to validate their potential. Soil factors, mainly soil moisture and bulk density, may influence the cone index measurement and the prediction of the relative strength and depth of the hardpan layer. The effects of soil drying on hardpan characterizing attributes of peak cone index, depth to the peak cone index and depth to the top of the hardpan layer were studied for three compaction levels on a Norfolk sandy loam soil in a soil bin. The soil in... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1282 |
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| Bjarne Bjerg; Associate professor; Lars Soerensen. |
| The purpose of this work is to inquire the potentials of a simplified method of modelling radial inlets in numerical simulation of airflow in mechanically ventilated livestock rooms. This simplified method is based on simulation of an angle section of the entire air volume with starting point in the centre line of the inlet. Using symmetry planes as boundary condition on the sides of the angle section, and grids including only one cell in the width direction, it is possible to include three-dimensional geometry in simulations nearly equally uncomplicated as twodimensional simulations.Inside and close to the inlet the angle section method generates practically the same air velocities and pressure conditions as simulation of the entire room. At floor level... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1193 |
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| M. Z. Hossain; M. T. Islam; T. Sakai; M. Ishida. |
| Tropical cyclone has a great impact on agricultures and rural infrastructures such as shelter, sanitation, drinking water, electricity supplies and transportation services. It causes huge damages not only to livelihoods but also to engineering structures like rural roads, dams, embankments, farm buildings and dairy houses etc. This paper depicts the results of recent studies on impact of tropical cyclones on rural and agricultural engineering infrastructures in Bangladesh based on the field visits to cyclone sites, collected data and information on damages and death of peoples. Necessary data related to tropical cyclones are obtained from available publications and news paper information reported in the recent years and previously. It is found that, in... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1036 |
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| Dennis G. Watson; Tony V. Harrison; Richard W. Steffen. |
| Accurate measurement of fuel consumption is required to quantify the efficiency of an engine orpredict emissions. As part of a larger project, accurate instantaneous fuel consumption data was required for a John Deere 4045T diesel engine. While establishing test criteria, it became evident that literature did not provide clear recommendations on the number of data points or time duration for data collection, for a diesel engine. Fuel consumption tests were conducted using up to 15 data points of percent fuel rate and up to 15 min of data collection. ased on statistical analysis of test results, at least 2 data points (0% and 100% of fuel rate) and 2 min of data collection are recommended for similar fuel-injected, diesel engine fuel rate tests. When a... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1238 |
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| Kenji Imou; The University of Tokyo; Yutaka Kaizu; Shinya Yokoyama; Taro Nakamura. |
| High-precision ground speed sensors could be used as a component of navigation or control systems for agricultural vehicles. This paper describes the characteristics of the speed sensor developed by the authors, focusing on the effects of pitch angle. For this purpose, experiments were carried out at various sensor depression angles. The results showed that the output was almost the same as the theoretical value for depression angles of 40 to 50 degrees, although the measurement error was relatively large in the case of artificial turf with short pile. Measurement tests at various angles between the traveling direction and the sensor direction in the horizontal plane were also carried out to determine the possibility of velocity vector measurement... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1232 |
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| Swapan K Roy; Mike Albu; Abdur Rob. |
| A study was carried out to investigate the investment of a selected agro-machinery power operated Maize Sheller in the course of mechanization of Bangladesh. The analysis considers different types of Maize Sheller, and inter-regional differences in agro-economic factors that influence the business rationale for investment. Maize Shellers are increasingly needed to serve demand from poultry sector because manual shelling is very laborious. Comparing with manual shelling, results indicate that power operated Maize Shellers look like a wise investment (5 – 8 acres for 25% internal rate of return or IRR). However, it makes economic sense to operate shellers at higher capacities, and along with the high capital cost (Tk1 18,000 – 22,000) to save large numbers... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/958 |
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| R. H. Macmillan; University of Melbourne. |
| The study of the interaction of particles moving relative to fluids has had a long history and has led to many useful operations particularly in modern agriculture. Of special interest is the trajectory of particles and crop components but, until recently, it has not been possible to easily determine these. However with the recent publication of a trajectory plotting system and an associated monograph giving examples of its application, this need has now been met.Both should find ready application in education, research and design in the agricultural engineering industries. Copies of the trajectory plotting program and the associated monograph can be obtained at the addresses given in Section 4 below. |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1248 |
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| T. U. Nwakonobi; N. N. Osadebe. |
| Clay soil is one of the types of earth materials used for animal building constructions in Nigeria particularly in the rural areas. It is also used for other agricultural buildings. Thisclay soil generally has a very high swelling and shrinkage potential and is not favourable when used for building construction. The quality of clay as a building material can beimproved but this depends on the addition of the correct stabilizer such as ricehusk and cement in a suitable proportion. In this study, a mathematical model was developed and usedto optimize the mix proportion that will produce the maximum strength of clay-ricehuskcement mixture using Scheffe’s simplex lattice approach. The model formulated comparesfavourably with the experimental data. It also... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1204 |
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| A. K. Goel; D. Behera; B. K. Behera; S. K. Mohanty; S. K. Nanda. |
| A manually operated weeder for dry land crops was developed and evaluated to find its performance. It was compared with other available weeders namely wheel finger weeder, wheel hoe and conventional weeding by using trench hoe for groundnut crop at four levels of soil moisture content of 13.52, 11.63, 9.52 and 8.04 per cent (db). It was found that the heart rate, oxygen consumption rate and energy consumption rate increases with decrease in soil moisture content for all the treatments. The highest performance index of 3689.74 was obtained with developed weeder at 11.63 per cent moisture content. Lowest plant damage (2.46 to 7.96%) and lower energy consumption rate (8.34 to 40.05 kJ/min) with highest performance index (678.66 to 3689.74) of developed weeder... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1162 |
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| S. Pedersen; V. Blanes-Vidal; H. Joergensen; A. Chwalibog; A. Haeussermann; M. J. W. Heetkamp; A.J.A. Aarnink. |
| This article deals with carbon dioxide production from farm animals; more specifically, it addresses the possibilities of using the measured carbon dioxide concentration in animal houses as basis for estimation of ventilation flow (as the ventilation flow is a key parameter of aerial emissions from animal houses). The investigations include measurements in respiration chambers and in animal houses, mainly for growing pigs and broilers.Over the last decade a fixed carbon dioxide production of 185 litres per hour per heat production unit, hpu (i.e. 1000 W of the total animal heat production at 20 oC) has often been used. The article shows that the carbon dioxide production per hpu increases with increasing respiration quotient. As the respiration quotient... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1205 |
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| F. Rovira-Más; S. Han; J. Wei; J. F Reid. |
| The growing demand for applications in Precision Agriculture has been proportional to the emergent interest in automatic guidance of agricultural machines. The difficult, and at the same time strenuous, task of driving a harvester during the prolonged working days of the harvesting season justifies the special attention paid to this technology. The development of Global Navigation Satellite Systems has meant an important push for autonomous navigation, especially in the case of off-road vehicles. However, experience has shown that automatic guidance inside the tight arrangement of crop rows is difficult to achieve unless local positioning sensors take part in the localization unit of auto-steered machines. This research develops a perception engine based... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/944 |
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| M. Gavric; M. Martinov. |
| Site-specific farming has been developed to the level that enables profitable use. The problem of its application in developing countries is high costs of needed equipment. The objective of research was to develop a low-cost system for application of precision farming. The system consists of low-cost GPS receiver connected to the PLC. The test of the system applicability for local specific spraying of herbicides, following previously defined weed spots was done. The encouraging results have been obtained. The precision of spraying could be enhanced using new generation of receivers with higher frequency rate and accuracy and including additional parameters for the PLC calculations. |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/935 |
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| Cleophas K Lagat; Peter Okemwa; Herbert Dimo; Lagat Kipkurui; Joaz K Korir. |
| Uasin Gishu District is a major food-producing district of Kenya but over the recent years there has been a general decline of crop yields in the district. One of the factors that affects agricultural output is the level of mechanisation and so a study was undertaken to identify the state of agricultural mechanisation in the District and assess how this has affected the yields of maize and wheat. It was found that there was stagnation in the level of agricultural mechanisation in the District, which has contributed to the decline in crop yields. It was also found that many mechanics who handle/repair farm machinery lack the right tools and equipment and, moreover, many have inadequate relevant technical knowledge with very few of them having had some... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/963 |
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| Nata Tadesse; Asmelash Berhane; K. Bheemalingeswara. |
| This paper assesses the opportunities and challenges of household irrigation practices that use groundwater as source in an area in Debrekidane watershed (45.1 km2), Tigray region, northern Ethiopia. It was done by evaluating the recharge and discharge potential of the aquifers, different water harvesting recharge structures and the impact of the intervention on the livelihood of the households. The recharge and discharge potential of the wells were determined from the pumping tests conducted on selected wells. The potential of different recharge structures were determined by evaluating size and nature of their construction. Impact of the intervention on livelihood of the household was assessed through developed semi-structure questionnaires, and by... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1230 |
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| K. K. Jain; College of Agric. Engineering & Technology,. |
| The tractor seat is one of the important component / assembly as far as the human machine system and comfort of tractor operator are concerned .With this in view, a field survey and laboratory study were conducted of selected popular tractors and tractor seats, respectively,with particular reference to seating dimensions. Dimensions for seat pan and backrest were measured and analyzed, according to BIS recommendations. The results highlighted that seat pan width was found 10.9% less, seat height was found 15.3% in excess, no vertical adjustments and backrest width was also found 20.4% less. This may cause discomfort for smaller as well as higher percentile tractor operators. Based upon the design of mounting arrangement of different tractor seats – a... |
| Ano: 1969 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1243 |
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| Registros recuperados: 1.540 | |
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